[5/28, 2:12 PM] Solution: Section C
(9)
(i) Lack of Legitimacy: The ING was widely perceived as lacking legitimacy because it was seen as a creation of the military, following the annulment of the June 12, 1993, presidential election, which was widely believed to have been won by Moshood Abiola. This led to widespread public and political opposition.
(ii) Economic Challenges: The Nigerian economy was in a poor state, with high inflation, unemployment, and a significant budget deficit. The ING struggled to implement effective economic policies to stabilize the economy, facing resistance from various sectors.
(iii) Civil Unrest and Strikes: There were numerous strikes and protests by various labor unions and civil society groups, demanding the restoration of democracy and the recognition of the June 12 election results. This civil unrest further destabilized the government.
(iv) Political Instability: The political environment was highly unstable, with various factions within the military and political elite maneuvering for power. This instability made it difficult for the ING to govern effectively and implement its policies.
(v) Short Tenure: The ING had a very short tenure of just about three months before it was overthrown by General Sani Abacha on November 17, 1993. This limited time frame did not allow for significant policy implementation or any substantial progress on the numerous challenges facing Nigeria.
[5/28, 2:13 PM] Solution: *WAEC HISTORY*
*NUMBER ONE*
(1a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Folktales and Fairy Tales
(ii) Legends and Myths
(iii) Historical Narratives
(iv) Epic Poetry
(v) Proverbs and Adages
(1b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Preserving Cultural Heritage: Oral traditions transmit historical events, social norms, and cultural beliefs that may not be recorded in written sources.
(ii) Completing Written Sources: Oral traditions often provide additional information or perspectives on historical events that are incompletely documented in written archives.
(iii) Addressing Pre-Colonial History: Since written records from the pre-colonial era are scarce, oral traditions play a crucial role in reconstructing the history of this period.
(iv) Understanding Indigenous Perspectives: Oral traditions offer insights into the worldview, values, and beliefs of pre-colonial Nigerian societies.
(iv) Historical Interpretation: Oral traditions provide alternative interpretations of historical events, challenging oversimplified or biased accounts found in written sources.
(vi) Methodological Tool: Oral traditions serve as a valuable source of data for historians, who can use them to develop research questions and corroborate or refute theories.
[5/28, 2:15 PM] Solution: Section C
(9)
(i) Lack of Legitimacy: The ING was widely perceived as lacking legitimacy because it was seen as a creation of the military, following the annulment of the June 12, 1993, presidential election, which was widely believed to have been won by Moshood Abiola. This led to widespread public and political opposition.
(ii) Economic Challenges: The Nigerian economy was in a poor state, with high inflation, unemployment, and a significant budget deficit. The ING struggled to implement effective economic policies to stabilize the economy, facing resistance from various sectors.
(iii) Civil Unrest and Strikes: There were numerous strikes and protests by various labor unions and civil society groups, demanding the restoration of democracy and the recognition of the June 12 election results. This civil unrest further destabilized the government.
(iv) Political Instability: The political environment was highly unstable, with various factions within the military and political elite maneuvering for power. This instability made it difficult for the ING to govern effectively and implement its policies.
(v) Short Tenure: The ING had a very short tenure of just about three months before it was overthrown by General Sani Abacha on November 17, 1993. This limited time frame did not allow for significant policy implementation or any substantial progress on the numerous challenges facing Nigeria.
[5/28, 2:32 PM] Solution: Section C
(9)
(i) Lack of Legitimacy: The ING was widely perceived as lacking legitimacy because it was seen as a creation of the military, following the annulment of the June 12, 1993, presidential election, which was widely believed to have been won by Moshood Abiola. This led to widespread public and political opposition.
(ii) Economic Challenges: The Nigerian economy was in a poor state, with high inflation, unemployment, and a significant budget deficit. The ING struggled to implement effective economic policies to stabilize the economy, facing resistance from various sectors.
(iii) Civil Unrest and Strikes: There were numerous strikes and protests by various labor unions and civil society groups, demanding the restoration of democracy and the recognition of the June 12 election results. This civil unrest further destabilized the government.
(iv) Political Instability: The political environment was highly unstable, with various factions within the military and political elite maneuvering for power. This instability made it difficult for the ING to govern effectively and implement its policies.
(v) Short Tenure: The ING had a very short tenure of just about three months before it was overthrown by General Sani Abacha on November 17, 1993. This limited time frame did not allow for significant policy implementation or any substantial progress on the numerous challenges facing Nigeria.
[5/28, 2:32 PM] Solution: (3a)
(i) Gold
(ii) Kola nuts
(iii) Slaves
(3b)
(i) Economic growth and prosperity: Hausaland states became wealthy and powerful due to their strategic location and control of trade routes.
(ii) Islamic influence: The trans-Saharan trade facilitated the spread of Islam in Hausaland, which had a significant impact on the region’s culture and religion.
(iii) Political stability: The trade helped establish and maintain political stability in Hausaland, as states competed for control of trade routes and markets.
(iv) Cultural exchange: The trans-Saharan trade facilitated cultural exchange between Hausaland and other regions, leading to the exchange of ideas, technologies, and artistic influences.
[5/28, 2:32 PM] Solution: *WAEC HISTORY*
*NUMBER TWO*
(2a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Skinning knives
(ii) Scrapers
(iii) Tanning vats
(iv) Graining boards
(v) Sewing needles
(2b)
(i) Skinning: The animal’s skin was removed carefully using sharp knives.
(ii) Fleshing and scraping: The flesh, fat, and unwanted tissues were scraped off the skin using sharp tools.
(iii) Tanning: The skin was soaked in tanning solutions made from tree bark, leaves, or animal fats to make it durable and flexible.
(iv) Graining and dying: The tanned leather was grained to smooth its surface and dyed using natural pigments for color.
[5/28, 2:32 PM] Solution: (4)
(i)Evangelical movements: Evangelical movements in the United Kingdom, Europe and the New World inspired men and women with missionary fervor to found religious societies whose members would go out to Africa and other lands.
(ii)Establishment of Christian churches: The establishment of Christian churches in Nigeria, such as the Church Missionary Society (CMS), Methodists, and Roman Catholics, provided a foundation for missionary activities.
(iii)Translation of the Bible: The translation of the Bible into local languages, such as Yoruba, facilitated the spread of Christianity and allowed missionaries to reach a wider audience.
(iv)Introduction of Western education: Christian missionaries introduced Western education, which attracted many Nigerians and provided a platform for missionary activities.
(v)Health services: Christian missionaries established medical centers and hospitals, providing much-needed health services and gaining the trust of local communities, which facilitated their missionary activities.
[5/28, 2:39 PM] Solution: *WAEC HISTORY*
*NUMBER SIX*
(6)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Control of trade: Lagos was a major trading port on the West African coast, and the British wanted to control the lucrative trade in palm oil, cotton, and other commodities.
(ii) Suppression of the slave trade: The British were committed to abolishing the slave trade, and Lagos was a major hub for the trans-Atlantic slave trade.
(iii) Strategic location: Lagos was located at the entrance to the Gulf of Guinea, making it a strategically important naval base for the British.
(iv) Expansion of British influence: The annexation of Lagos was part of a larger British strategy to expand their influence and control over West Africa.
(v) Protection of British missionaries and traders: British missionaries and traders had been active in Lagos for several years, and the British government felt a need to protect their interests.
(vi) Pressure from local factions: Some factions within Lagos, including the pro-British party led by Oba Dosunmu, supported the annexation as a way to gain British protection from their rivals.
(vii) Weakening of the Yoruba kingdom: The annexation of Lagos weakened the power of the Oyo Empire, which had traditionally controlled the region. This made it easier for the British to establish their influence over other Yoruba territories.
*WAEC HISTORY*
*NUMBER SIX*
(6)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Control of trade: Lagos was a major trading port on the West African coast, and the British wanted to control the lucrative trade in palm oil, cotton, and other commodities.
(ii) Suppression of the slave trade: The British were committed to abolishing the slave trade, and Lagos was a major hub for the trans-Atlantic slave trade.
(iii) Strategic location: Lagos was located at the entrance to the Gulf of Guinea, making it a strategically important naval base for the British.
(iv) Expansion of British influence: The annexation of Lagos was part of a larger British strategy to expand their influence and control over West Africa.
(v) Protection of British missionaries and traders: British missionaries and traders had been active in Lagos for several years, and the British government felt a need to protect their interests.
(vi) Pressure from local factions: Some factions within Lagos, including the pro-British party led by Oba Dosunmu, supported the annexation as a way to gain British protection from their rivals.
(vii) Weakening of the Yoruba kingdom: The annexation of Lagos weakened the power of the Oyo Empire, which had traditionally controlled the region. This made it easier for the British to establish their influence over other Yoruba territories.
